总苞（ involucre）：生于花序下或花序每一分枝下或花梗基部下的变态叶称为苞片，当多枚苞叶成轮状紧密包围花序时称总苞。总苞中的每一片叶称为总苞叶或总苞片，如向日葵、天人菊、松果菊等菊科植物花序外面的总苞。兰花的总苞被称为“壳”或“鞘”。 生于花序最外层或下面的苞片称总苞片。如蒲公英、菊等菊科植物花序下的总苞由多数绿色总苞片所组成，天南星、半夏等天南星科植物的花序外围，常围有一片形大的总苞片称佛焰苞，鱼腥草花序下的总苞是由4片白色的花瓣状总苞片组成。
n. involucre
misc. periclinium ; anthodium
次总苞，小总苞次级花被，如处于复合。
A secondary involucre, as at the base of an umbel within a compound umbel.
本文研究了空篷栗、正常栗的总苞和子房、子叶发育过程中蛋白质和氨基酸含量的变化。
The fluctuations of protein and amino acide contents in the development process of involucre, ovary and cotyledon were studied between empty shell's chestnut and normal chestnut.
本文研究了空篷栗、正常栗的总苞和子房、子叶发育过程中蛋白质和氨基酸含量的变化。
The fluctuations of protein and amino acide contents in the development process of involucre ovary and cotyledon were studied between empty shell's chestnut and normal chestnut.
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