影子利率又称影子价格。用微积分描述资源的影子价格，即当资源增加一个数量而得到目标函数新的最大值时，目标函数最大值的增量与资源的增量的比值，就是目标函数对约束条件（即资源）的一阶偏导数。
影子利率在项目分析中作为贴现率使用的利率，包括消费利率和会计利率。
Shadow rate of interest Rate of interest used as te discount rate in project analysis. Include consumption rate of interest and accounting rate of interest.
“影子银行业系统”是一种由私募股权、对冲基金、货币市场基金以及拍卖利率证券，外加诸如通用电气资本等非银行机构和债务抵押证券、信用违约掉期等新型证券所组成的网络。
This is a nexus of private-equity and hedge funds, money-market funds and auction-rate securities, non-banks such as GE Capital and new securities such as CDOs and credit-default swaps.
但是，只要他们的现金充足，影子银行也能够抵消监管者以前那种命令大的国有银行来启动低利率信贷的冲击。
But as long as they exist in their current profusion, the shadow Banks also neutralise the regulators' former capacity to order the big state Banks to launch another low-interest credit splurge.
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