通过对CCD上弥散斑中心位移的测量，就可精确计算出火车车轮的磨损量。
By measurement the displacement of the defocused spots center on CCD, the abrasion of the train wheel train wheel is calculated.
由于对流为主的弥散方程具有双曲性质，中心差分格式虽然关于空间步长具有二阶精度，但会产生数值弥散和非物理力学特性的数值振荡，使数值模拟失真。
Due to the hyperbolic properties of convection-dominate dispersion equations, the central difference formula often cause numerical dispersion and oscillation even it has two-order precision in space.
距离阴极越远的位置产生的离子对阴极的损伤不主要集中在中心区域，而是弥散性的；
The ions produced far away from cathode have smaller effects on cathode, and their damage to the cathode does not concentrate on the center but is distributed everywhere;
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