货币基金组织估计，如果波动率的两个标准差超过了1990年以后的平均值，新兴市场的利差将扩大两倍。
The IMF reckons that, if volatility moved to two standard deviations above its post-1990 average, emerging-market debt spreads would more than double.
本文基于辨识 ARMA新息模型生成估计残差序列 ，再对残差序列的平均值和无偏方差进行假设检验 ，可实现工序质量的异常诊断。
In this paper, a method of process quality diagnosis using hypothesis testing for residual sequence of ARMA innovation model estimation error by recursive maximum likelihood method was studied.
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