生物的1界。本界成员均属真核生物，它是真菌的最高分类阶元。真菌广泛分布于全球各带的土壤、水体、动植物及其残骸和空气中，营腐生、寄生和共生生活。
它们存在于土壤，腐殖植物碎片、水果、屋尘、墙纸等，并且散发干孢子，并由风或昆虫进行传播。
They are found in soil, decaying plant debris, fruit rot, house dust, wallpaper, among others, and are disseminated by dry spores and carried typically by wind or insects.
它们存在于土壤中，腐烂的植物体，豆类，黄麻纤维，聚氯乙烯，木材，皮革等，并散布干孢子和依靠风进行传播。
They are found in soil, decaying plant material, legumes, jute? Bers, PVC, timber, leather, among others, and are disseminated by dry spores and carried typically by wind.
减数分裂后，小孢子开始退化，首先是小孢子壁开始变形，随后原生质浓缩，形成干秕、皱缩的小孢子。
After the meiosis, however, the microspores began to degenerate to become blighted and wrinkled ones, starting from the deforming of their walls and concentration of their protoplasm.
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