封火墙,又称风火墙、防火墙等等,特指高于两山墙屋面的墙垣,也就是山墙的墙顶部分墙体。封火墙种类繁多,赣派建筑、徽派建筑封火墙因形状酷似马头,则称为“马头墙”。闽派福州建筑因墙体作流线型状似马鞍,称为“马鞍墙”。粤派岭南建筑山墙作镬耳状,称为镬耳墙。
形式为四合院,高高的封火墙内,屋顶从四方成比例向内中心低斜呈小方形天井,可吸纳阳光和空气。
The form of courtyard, high bank up a fire wall, the roof from the four-party center inside a low proportion of small square courtyard was inclined to absorb sunlight and air.
福州三坊七巷传统民居建筑群是福州的重要标志之一,它当中的封火墙规模较大,保留最为完好,最具有代表性。
Fuzhou San-fang Qi-xiang traditional residential complex is an important symbol of Fuzhou, where wind-and-fire wall is the largest scale, the most intactly retained and the most representative.
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