研究目的：钢轨钢材在低温下力学性能变差，容易发生脆性破坏，这直接威胁着铁路运输的安全。
Research purposes: at a low temperature, the mechanical properties of rail steel get worse and brittle (failures) can happen more easily.
尤其对于处于大埋深、高地应力的脆性围岩中的地下洞室，开挖时更容易发生这种破坏。
Especially the deeply embedded caverns under high in situ stresses, they are more readily to appear longitudinal splitting cracks and even intense brittle deformation failure, like rock blast etc.
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