教学设计对象包括教学活动、教学环境、知识传递，其中教学活动处于三个层次的核心地位。
The objects of instructional design consist of teaching activity, teaching environment and knowledge transmission of which teaching activity is central.
个体领导力是团队领导力和组织领导力的基础，是领导力三个层次中处于基础性地位的因素。
The individual leadership is the base of team leadership and organization leadership, it is the basic element of the three levels of leadership.
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