大多数相变都是通过形核和核长大过程完成的。形核包括均匀形核和非均匀形核。均匀形核（homogeneous nucleation）是指新相晶核在母相基体中无择优地任意均匀分布。
就无机水合盐的过冷机理及非均匀形核的动力学机理进行了探讨，加入成核剂是降低过冷度的有效措施。
This paper discusses the nucleating mechanisms of the salt hydrates and comes to the conclusion that adding suitable nucleating agents reduces significantly the degree of supercooling.
所制备的复合材料具有均匀的显微组织，基体中的共晶组织可依附在纤维表面形核生长。
The composites fabricated have uniform microstructures, and the eutectic structures in the matrix can attach on surface of the fiber to nucleate and to grow.
渗碳体的球化可能以两种机制进行：破碎渗碳体片的非均匀长大和细小球状渗碳体颗粒的形核长大。
There are two possible mechanism about spheroidization ofcementite: the fracture cementite lamellae grows up non-uniformly and the fine spherical cementite particles grows up as the core.
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