All of Milton's labors in the cause of liberating England from the tyranny of monarchy had in some way - could be construed as having been useless.

弥尔顿为把英国从君主暴政解放出来,所做的努力在某种程度上,可以说是付之东流了。

耶鲁公开课 - 弥尔顿课程节选

Fish imagines Milton as always on some level slapping the reader's wrist, reminding the reader of his or her fallen-ness, that there's a constant pedagogical correction going on.

费什想象弥尔顿总是在某种程度上斥责着读者们，提醒他们自身的堕落，并且诗中有一种持续的教育性的纠正在重复出现。

耶鲁公开课 - 弥尔顿课程节选

This is a distinction which is not meant sort of counter-intuitively to suggest that somehow or another, as opposed to what we usually think, writing precedes speech--not at all.

这个区别没有在某种程度上故意地，与我们的直觉相反,暗示，无论如何，与我们通常想的相反,我们通常认为书写是在讲话之前的，完全不是这样。

耶鲁公开课 - 文学理论导论课程节选