土壤干旱是指土壤水分不能满足植物根系吸收和正常蒸腾所需而造成的干旱，是在长期无雨或少雨的情况下，土壤含水量少，植物根系难以从土壤中吸收到足够的水分以补偿蒸腾消耗的现象。此时植物生长受抑制，当土壤中速效水分丧失殆尽时，植物因水分不足而枯死。土壤水分的亏缺与大气干旱、土壤性质、地下水位等密切相关。久晴不雨，长期天气干旱，是土壤干旱的主要原因。
Wheat is one of the main grain crops not only in China but also in the world. Soil drought has affected seriously the growth and development of wheat.
小麦是我国北方的主要粮食作物,土壤干旱严重影响了小麦的生长发育。
参考来源 - 小麦抗旱机制研究进展Soil drought reduces the biomass of plants, especially at the later growth stage. It is suggested that the leaf water status may be regulated adaptively by soil drought, and the growth of plants is limited by extreme soil drought.
干旱降低植株生物量 ,后期的降低幅度远远大于前期 ,反映出羊草叶片水分状况对适度的土壤干旱具有良好的适应性 ,而过度干旱对羊草的生长造成威胁。
参考来源 - 羊草干物质积累及叶片气体交换对土壤水分的响应The stimulation of ABA biosynthesis caused by soil drying was greater with low nitrogen treatment than that with high nitrogen treatment.
土壤干旱对低氮处理玉米根系ABA含量的促进作用显著大于高氮处理的。
参考来源 - 不同因素对气孔响应ABA灵敏度的影响研究·2,447,543篇论文数据，部分数据来源于NoteExpress
土壤干旱降低田菁根瘤的含水量和固氮活性。
Soil drought reduced moisture content and nitrogenase activity of nodules.
采用盆栽试验对不同土壤干旱程度下刺槐幼苗水分生理特征进行了初步研究。
This paper deals with the water physiology and growth characteristics of locust seedling under the soil drought condition.
结果表明：在一定的土壤干旱范围内，苗木可以通过提高根系活力来适应逆境。
The results showed that seedling could raise its root vigor against soil drought in some scope.
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