受话者接听的电话 person to person call
In part four, the focus, i. e. a sort of non-communion information between thespeaker and hearer. There’s only one type of focus--the information focus.
焦点即说话者和听话者之间的一种非共享信息，其类型只有一种——信息焦点。
参考来源 - “是……的”结构的语义角色及其焦点指派Sometimes it is the listener’s failure to properly interpret the utterances that cause pragmatic failure.
有时候,听话者对说话者言语意图的错误理解也会造成语用失误。
参考来源 - 中英交际中语用失误现象分析·2,447,543篇论文数据，部分数据来源于NoteExpress
作为对比，假设你想“干扰”两人之间的对话，那么只需对着听话者的耳朵大喊就可以了。
For comparison, let's say you wanted to "jam" a conversation between two people—all you'd need to do is yell in the listener's ear.
经常，随意的单词使用阻碍说话者和听话者之间的思想交会。
Too often, careless use of words prevents a meeting of the minds of the speaker and listener.
预备条件道歉者认为行为A 并不符合听话者的最高利益。
Preparatory condition :Speaker believes that A was not in Hearer's best interest.
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