博伊森说：“你需要和老板讨论你的目标，然后再看看你能不能培训或指导那位替代人选。”

"You need to discuss your goals with your boss, and see if you can train or mentor the person who would replace you," Poisson says.

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博伊森说：“目前，得到晋升的人员往往处于公司最重要的战略领域，或处在这个领域的边缘，而且这个领域是公司最赚钱的领域。”

"The promotions now are happening at or near companies' most important strategic areas, and that's also where the money is," notes Poisson.

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博伊森说：“必须向赚钱的业务部门靠拢，要么帮公司赚钱，要么帮公司省钱。” 博伊森还说，很多急切盼望晋升的人都“忽视了这一点”。

"You have to be close to where the money is made, and either make money or save money for the business, " Poisson says, adding that many people anxious to move up "lose sight of that.

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Roger Ibbotson took a look at a larger group of funds -3,500--funds over a ten-year period and found survivorship bias at 2.9% per year and backfill bias at 4.6% per year.

罗杰·伊博森研究了更大的样本组,3500支基金10年间的表现,算出其生存偏差是每年2.9%,回填偏差是每年4.6%

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

Roger Ibbotson, who is a colleague of Bob Shiller's and mine at the School of Management, has done a fair amount of work, studying the relative importance of these sources of returns.

罗格·伊博森是,我和希勒在管理学院的同事,他在对回报率来源的研究上,做了大量的工作

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选

I went back and took a closer look at Roger Ibbotson's data and there are lots of examples that will illustrate this point, but the most dramatic occurs around the crash in October 1929.

我进一步查看了罗格·伊博森的数据,诸多例子都能说明这一点,但是印象最深刻的,发生于1929年10月的那次股灾

耶鲁公开课 - 金融市场课程节选