推动因素可以是简单而轻微的事情，比如找不到合适的工作，也可以是创伤性的事情，比如战争或严重的饥荒。

A push factor can be as simple and mild a matter as difficulty in finding a suitable job, or as traumatic as war, or severe famine.

youdao

肝活检是诊断肝纤维化的金标准，但其为创伤性的，且有局限性。

Liver biopsy is the gold standard for hepatic fibrosis diagnosis, however, it is invasive and has limitations.

youdao

很快把婴儿从水中抱出来可以认为是创伤性的，但它也能导致脐带撕裂或断裂。

Bringing a baby out of the water too quickly can be just as traumatic, but it can also lead to either torn or broken cords.

youdao

So, you would expect a child who just grew up with a mother or just grew up to be a father--with a father to be in some sense psychologically damaged by that, failing to go through the normal psychosexual stages.

你会看到由单身母亲抚养长大的孩子,或由单身父亲抚养长大的孩子,在某种意义上,会因此而形成心理创伤，从而无法正常地经历所有的性心理阶段。

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