在硬岩中中隧道可采用凿岩台车钻眼，进行全断面开挖。
Tunnel in hard rock may be excavated in whole section by using chiseling rock trolley to drill small holes.
文章应用非线性弹塑性模型，对层状土地层中浅埋隧道全断面开挖过程进行了三维有限元分析。
A nonlinear elastoplastic model is applied to simulate the full face 3-d excavation process of a shallow tunnel embedded in layered soil.
隧洞断面宜采用曲线形状； 宜采用控制爆破全断面开挖，减少对围岩的扰动以保持岩体自承能力；
The tunnel section is advised to adopt curved shape and full-face excavation by controlled blasting to reduce disturbance on surrounding rock and maintain its self-supporting capability.
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