这种情况对于从事专业工作和处于管理岗位的人来说尤为突出，因为这一人群最看重努力工作和的子女的培养。

This effect is magnified among workers in professional and managerial occupations, where the norm of overwork and the culture of intensive parenting tend to be strongest.

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首次成为中层管理者的经理人都会面临一个困境，那就是你现在管理着以前你所从事岗位的人员，而你可能认为管理这个团队一员相比你其它尚未执行的任务会更加重要。

One of the dangers for a first-time manageris that you now may be managing someone who does your old job, and you may considerit more important than tasks you did not perform.

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管理者是受上级任命在岗位上从事工作的，他们的影响力来自这一职位所赋予的正式权力。

Managers are appointed to their positions. Their ability to influence employees is based on the formal authority inherent in that position.

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