世界体系理论是20世纪70年代兴起的一种有广泛影响的理论。它试图用中心边缘依附关系、世界劳动分工和阶级冲突等变量来分析世界体系的历史演变，从而解释16世纪以来的世界发展史。世界体系理论的代表人物包括沃勒斯坦和霍普金斯等。
作为一种新的理论范型，世界体系理论自有其一套概念和方法，并在批评和自我批评中不断地衍化和重构；
As a new theoretical paradigm, world system theory has its concepts and means and continuously develops and reconstructs in criticizing and self-criticizing;
但奇怪的是，该书很少讨论哥白尼的世界体系下知识支撑，也少有提及让哥白尼最终确信托勒密理论是错误的一丝不苟的观察。
But there is strangely little discussion of the intellectual underpinnings of Copernicus's system of the world, and of the meticulous observations that eventually convinced him that Ptolemy was wrong.
合作学习是目前世界上许多国家都普遍采用的一种富有创意和实效的教学理论与策略体系。
Cooperative learning is a very popular teaching theory and strategy system with actual effect and innovation in many countries in recent years.
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