即使是那些最依赖摄影的艺术家也不愿意承认他们利用了摄影,以免损害他们的专业地位。
Even those artists who were most dependent on photography became reluctant to admit that they made use of it, in case this compromised their professional standing.
如同学院组织要求的在加入成为其成员前需要有一定的专业地位。
As an organization the Academy requires its members to have achieved a certain professional status before they may join.
科学不依赖于淡泊名利、专业地位、金钱,亦或与竞争对手的对比。
Science doesn't depend on indifference to fame, professional advancement, money, or comparisons with rivals.
the specialization is very often dominant in academia.
专业化常在学术界占主导地位。
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