目的：肾间质纤维化(RIF)是各种不同病因的慢性肾脏病(CKD)随着病程进展进入终末期肾病(ESRD)的一个进行性、不可逆的共同途径。

OBJECTIVE: the renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) is almost the common pathway by which all the various chronic kidney diseases (CKD) progress to end stage renal disease (ESRD).

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钙超载是心肌缺血再灌注不可逆损伤的最后通路，但其具体作用途径有待于进一步研究。

Calcium overload is the final pathway of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury, but the concrete mechanism needs further research.

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