上层滞水(perched water) 存在于潜水面以上包气带中的局部不透水层上的重力水。补给区与分布区一致，分布范围有限，往往雨季时存在，干旱季节消失。水量有限，易受污染。只能作暂时性或小型的居民生活用水水源。
含水层有三种形态，分别是上层滞水、潜水和承压水。
There are three types of aquifers: perched, unconfined, and confined.
减小井间距，增加上层滞水和潜水的入流通道，尤其要在潜水含水层底板低洼处设置降水井将低洼处的残留水引走。
Minish the well space and increase transflux routeways upper backwater and driving, especially setup precipitation well and drain residual water at the bottom of diving layer.
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