...的是Garrod的工作以及孟德尔的发明一样被埋没了很多年,直到1940年G W Beadle以及E L Tatum提出一基因一酶 (one gene-one enzyme) 的概念才获患上熟悉。
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DNA周围的学习和记忆基因束靠近乙酰基群,注入一种能促进乙酰基群变成任何一种组蛋白分子的酶。
The cluster of learning and memory genes on the surrounding DNA ends up close to the acetyl group.
很久以前日本人吃紫菜时也吃进了一种海洋微生物,这些酶很可能是它的礼物——这种海洋微生物正好把自己一部分酶基因给了肠子里的微生物。
The enzymes were most likely gifts from a marine microbe, eaten along with some seaweed a long time ago. The marine microbe happened to transfer some of its enzyme genes to gut microbes.
第一种方式是根据一种叫做细胞色素氧化酶基因的DNA序列。
One relied on the DNA sequence of a gene called cytochrome oxidase.
The promoter in this case is called the lac promoter and normally in micro-organisms that lac promoter is used to produce a gene called lacZ which makes a protein called beta-galactosidase.
在这个例子中的启动子称作lac启动子,通常在微生物中,lac启动子是用来生成,一段叫lacZ的基因,这段基因,能制造一种蛋白叫β-半乳糖苷酶
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