The outermost layers of a woody stem including all of the living and nonliving tissues external to the cambium.
木质茎的最外层，包括形成层以外全部活的和死的组织。
Thorns, like those found on the Hawthorn tree, are modified branches that project from the stem and branches of a woody plant.
刺，例如山楂树上的刺，实际上是一种改良的分枝，它会从木本植物的茎和分枝中生长出来。
A tree is a tall, woody plant that usually has one main stem, or trunk.
树是一种高大的木本植物，通常有一根主干，或树干。
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