Like other countries, China has to date followed a pattern of "grow first, clean up later".

和其他国家一样，中国曾经采用“先污染后治理”的模式。

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During pattern formation like a holographic grating, the local temperature increase, especially in thin films, is up to date a subject of estimation from absorption and dissipation data.

在图案(如全息光栅)的形成过程中，由吸收和消耗的数据估计局部温度、特别是在薄膜中温度的上升已经成为当今研究的主题。

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