This paper discusses the prediction of the drill stem torque and bit forward direction in an offshore horizontal well by nonlinear FEM.

探讨了非线性有限元在预测水平井钻进中的钻柱扭矩及钻头前进方向的应用。

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By taking advantage of rotating centrifugal force and the supporting effect of eccentric short drill collar, we cut off the axis inclination of bit, and avoid well inclination.

利用偏心钻具在旋转过程中的离心力和偏心短钻铤的偏重带的支撑作用，减小了钻头轴线倾角，从而减少了井斜。

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Taking use of the shock absorber, it can raise the service life for drill bit and drill tool, speed up drilling, get rid of drilling jumping, well protect surface equipments and drilling tools.

所以在钻井作业中采用减震器，对于延长钻头使用寿命，加快钻进速度、克服严重跳钻、保证正常钻井、保护地面设备及钻具是十分可靠的。

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But for shale gas, once the drill reaches the shale rock underground, the drill bit is turned horizontally to bore a well that stretches through the natural gas producing shale.

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