The characteristics of nano-materials were briefly introduced, such as surface effect, small size effect, quantum size effect, quantum tunnel effect.

简要介绍了纳米材料的表面效应、小尺寸效应、量子尺寸效应、宏观量子隧道效应等。

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Some types, such as Marine stratocumulus clouds, can have a significant cooling effect thanks to their ability to reflect sunlight back out to space before it ever reaches the surface of the planet.

某些类型的云，例如海洋层积云，由于它们拥有在阳光最终照射到星球表面之前便将阳光反射回太空的能力，因此它们能够产生十分显著的冷却效果。

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Scientists have carefully checked these observations to exclude observational errors and other influences - such as the urban heat island effect and localised warming due to land surface changes.

科学家们谨慎地监测那些观测，以排除观测误差和其它影响，诸如城市的热岛效应和由于地表变化导致的局部升温。

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The incident involving the two boys apparently passed without ill effect but under different circumstances, as Professor Boissevain pointed out, "such deeply embedded prejudices that surface unexpectedly in moments of anger, can spark off crises".

UNESCO: WHO IS THE OTHER?