During periods of stock-market weakness, price-to-earnings ratios eventually fall below their averages, sometimes into the high single digits, as they did during the last long-running bear market.

在股市疲软时期，市盈率最终会下跌至平均水平以下，有时会跌到7至9倍的水平，在上一次长期熊市期间就是如此。

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That is, studies have conclusively shown that when stock prices (or any price, for that matter) get overextended to the upside (or to the downside), they eventually fall back in line with averages.

研究表明，如果股票的价格(任何价格)过分上涨，它们最终要下跌到均值附近(过分下跌也是同理)。

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That's because gold's price isn't correlated, positively or negatively, with stock market averages.

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The dividend yield on the index (dividends divided by the stock price) is just 2.1% a fraction of historic averages, and barely enough to keep pace with current, subdued inflation.

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On a price-to-sales and price-to-book basis as well, the stock is trading at premiums to industry averages.

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