In order to approximate the actual vertical stiffness coefficients of the joint elements representing the shear strength of soil, formulas and iteration method are suggested.

为确定代表土抗剪强度的节理单元竖向刚度系数，文中提出了一套相应的计算公式和试算迭代的计算方法，用来逐步逼近其真值。

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Based on the exploration and sampling on the spot and with plenty of direct shear tests, it can be concluded that the roots can enhance the ability of resist shear strength of soil.

基于实地踏勘和取样，通过大量室内直剪试验发现根系对土壤抗剪能力的提高有一定影响。

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This paper mainly studies the strength softening characteristic of loess-like soil by triaxial shear test on the basis of primary research productions of loess.

本文在黄土已有研究成果的基础上，通过三轴剪切试验对类黄土(黄土状土)的强度软化特性进行了重点研究。

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