With the magnetic field turned on, the iron layers both magnetize, say, in the spin-up direction, so all of the spin-down electrons move through the entire sample without scattering.

加上磁场后，两个铁层都被磁化，假如是上方向，那么所有下自旋的电子移动通过整个样本都没有散射。

youdao

If a wide scattering vector range is needed, one has to measure the same sample under different instrument configurations.

若要获取较宽散射矢量范围的实验数据，还要改变实验仪器设置，对同一样品进行几次测量。

youdao

Because the scattering spectrum of nanoparticles is determined by nanoparticles size, so only part of the sample can be observed at single Angle in measuring nanoparticles size.

因为纳米颗粒散射光所呈现的光谱是由颗粒粒径决定的，所以在纳米颗粒粒度测量中，单一角度测量只能观测到样品的部分情况。

youdao

And, in fact there's a technique of analysis used today that's called Rutherford back scattering where people actually saw that this is a means of identifying the substance, the sample.

事实上这是现在用的一种分析技术,称作卢瑟福背散射,就是人们实际上看到的那样,这是鉴别物质样品的一种方法。

麻省理工公开课 - 固态化学导论课程节选