中世纪的神学家提出,人的理性灵魂(rational soul)是在婴儿诞生后,身体感官开始运作(约2-3周),神才赐下的。如果是的话,胚胎应该是没有理性灵魂,所以不算是真正的人。
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The Rational Soul 理性灵魂
One is purely rational soul own excellent functional called "moral reason".
一类是纯粹理性灵魂自身优秀的功能叫做“理智德性”。
The rational soul, which is one with the sensitive and vegetative principle, is the form of the body.
合理的灵魂,这是一个敏感和植被的原则,是形式的机构。
Aristotle, for example, concluded that the brain's moist coils served only to cool the heart, the obvious home of the rational soul.
例如,亚里士多德就认为大脑那潮湿的沟回只是用来冷却心脏的,而心脏才是理性灵魂明显的藏身之所。
Again, each of them seems to represent, in a superior way, the key components of the human soul, the appetitive, the war-like or spirited, and the rational.
每一位角色,似乎都代表着,较优秀的人类灵魂的关键构成要素,欲望,战士精神,以及理性。
The soul, in its essence, is rational.
从本质上说,灵魂是理性的
But this seems to be a very far cry, ? does it not, from the kind of justice he talks about in the soul that consists in what we might think of as sort of rational autonomy or self-control where reason controls the passions and the appetites.
但这似乎非常地遥不可及,不是吗,若以他所谈灵魂的正义种类看来,那包含了,在我们可能会称之为,理性自治里,或自控,当中理性,控制激情与渴求。
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