Existing ultracapacitors get their extra surface area by using electrodes coated with carbon and etched to produce holes, rather like a sponge. This gives about 5% of the storage capacity of a battery. But Joel Schindall and his colleagues at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology think they can do better than that using nanoengineering. Instead of digging holes in the electrodes, they are coating them with a forest of carbon nanotubes, each five nanometres (billionths of a metre) wide. This, they hope, will push capacitors to 50% of a battery's storage capacity.
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