The cause of dyspnea may be pulmonary disease, circulatory disease, or both.
呼吸困难的原因可能是肺部疾病，循环系统疾病或者两者并存。
The effects of ligation instead of traditional LVRS were evaluated by comparing the dyspnea, pulmonary function, living state before operation and 6-months, 12-months, 24-months after operation.
比较术前、术后6个月、12个月、24个月的呼吸困难度、肺功能及生活质量的变化来评价以结扎式切割过度气肿肺组织替代传统单侧LVRS的疗效。
Dyspnea also results when cardiac output is inadequate for the body's metabolic demands and can occur without pulmonary edema.
当心排血量不能满足身体代谢需要，甚或无肺水肿患者，也可出现呼吸困难。
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