Researchers at Concordia University in Canada report in the journal Psychology and Marketing that online avatars usually reflect the personality of their creators.

加拿大的肯考迪亚大学的研究者在心理学与营销杂志上撰文称，在线的头像常常反应其创建者的个性。

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Although many advertising design professionals focus their energy on the creative end of the spectrum, psychology and marketing often spill over into their everyday work.

虽然许多广告设计专业人员集中在频谱的创意结束自己的精力，心理学和市场营销，往往波及到他们的日常工作。

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The study, published in the Journal of Psychology and Marketing in the U.S., concluded: ‘Retail therapy purchases were overwhelmingly beneficial, leading to mood boosts and no regrets or guilt.

这项研究的结果刊登在了美国《心理学与市场营销期刊》上，文章指出：“所谓的‘安慰式购物心理’对于商家的益处是不言而喻的，它能使消费者情绪高涨，并且不会有后悔或者内疚的心理。”

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They had already designed their own sports adverts for TV, having analysed use of camera, psychology, marketing and history.

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" Armed with knowledge of "the formulas, the psychology, and the marketing" that these food engineers employ to persuade us, "we, ultimately, have the power to make choices.

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"People's decisions on where to shop is based on 'what will people think of me if they see me shopping there', " says Paul Buckley, lecturer in marketing and consumer psychology at the University of Wales Institute.

BBC: If you build it, how do you make them shop?