Joinder of preliminary action is a litigation system to solve the problem of combination of rights of claims, enhancing the litigation of efficiency, saving judicial resources.

预备合并之诉，正是为解决请求权竞合难题、提高诉讼效率、节约司法资源而构建的一种诉讼制度。

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Late last week, a federal judge in California gave preliminary approval to a settlement of the class action lawsuit regarding Facebook's Beacon program.

上周，一名加州联邦法官初步批准了一项有关Facebook Beacon(灯塔)广告计划的群体诉讼协议。

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Preliminary evidence was obtained to prove the action of the position effect which has no relation to developmental phase on the grafts. A concept of positional information memory was proposed.

提供了与发育阶段无关的位置效应在嫁接中具有作用的初步证据，提出了“位置信息记忆”的概念。

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If there is, a meeting of the GMC's preliminary proceedings committee (PPC) will decide what further action, if any, needs to be taken and how the case should be investigated.

BBC: GMC: Guiding doctors