In terms of competition policy, the problem is to weigh the potential reduction in competition against the potential benefits of pooling risks, sharing capital costs and diffusing knowledge.

在竞争政策方面，问题是要在竞争的潜在减少和集体承担风险、分担资本成本和传播知识的潜在收益之间进行权衡。

youdao

Banking scholars also argue that Islamic law blocked indigenous financial modernization in Muslim countries because of an inheritance system that restrained capital accumulation, inhibitions on pooling resources that discouraged investment diversification, and a traditional aversion to the concept of legal personhood for corporations, which hampered the development of financial entities.

FORBES: Magazine Article

Hitherto, Capital One has funded its credit-card loans through securitisation pooling, packaging and selling batches of credit-card loans to investors.

ECONOMIST: A credit-card issuer buys��and becomes��a bank