But the simple fact is that coming up with a truly worthy LED bulb is enormously complex, requiring expertise in physics, chemistry, optics, design, and manufacturing.

实际上，做一个货真价实的LED灯管是相当复杂的，需要有精通物理、化学、光学、设计和制造的专业人才。

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Third year physics - a selection from: optics, thermodynamics, statistical mechanics, beginning atomic and nuclear theory.

三年级物理：选修：光学、热力学、统计力学、早期的原子和核理论。

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There exist a number of typical systems and models which possess the three generator Lie algebraic structure in quantum optics, atomic and molecular physics and condensed matter physics.

在量子光学、凝聚态物理、原子分子物理中存在许多典型的具有三生成元李代数结构的量子系统或模型。

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In fact, the only member of the commission with any background in engineering specializes in physics and optics.

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Where Jobs was the impresario of form, function, and business model, Land was the wizard of optics, chemistry, and physics.

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The small size of the LED light chip allows another advantage arising from the physics of optics: Engineers can employ collaterally small lenses making it possible to efficiently extract, direct and focus the lumens, achieving useful illumination with far fewer lumens--and far less energy--wasted.

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