First coined in 2010 by user experience expert Harry Brignull, "dark patterns" is a catch-all term for practices that manipulate user interfaces to influence the decision-making ability of users.

“黑暗模式”一词是由用户体验专家哈里·布努在2010年首创的，这一术语是“操纵用户界面，以影响用户决策能力”做法的统称。

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Dark patterns also can be addressed on a self-regulatory basis, but only if organizations hold themselves accountable, not just to legal requirements but also to industry best practices and standards.

黑暗模式也可以在自我监管的基础上得到解决，但前提是各组织要自己担负起责任，不仅要遵守法律要求，还要遵守行业最佳实践和最高标准。

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This guide is a consolidated set of principles, patterns, and practices for designing application architecture.

这个向导合并了一些原则、模式，以及设计应用程序架构的实践。

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Rachel Wyatt, of the MCS, said farmers must "look at land management practices, put up more fences to keep cattle out of rivers and change patterns of manure spreading".

BBC: Weston Uphill Slipway beach fails water quality standard