“Outmigration” has drained their populations over the past century.

一个世纪以来，这些小镇的居民不断迁走，人口流失严重。

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Cleveland lags in both family formation and has seen strong outmigration, but also attracts few foreign-born residents.

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King said she has seen outmigration firsthand, and now has close relatives in Wisconsin and elsewhere in Pennsylvania.

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