Manual processing: The lack of integration led to a high degree of manual activity, causing data duplication and manual reconciliation.

手工处理：由于缺乏集成，因此存在大量的手工活动，导致出现数据重复，而且需要手动进行协调。

youdao

Perhaps some bankers will calculate the monthly opportunity cost of using existing disparate identifiers and manual reconciliation.

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Reporting, tracking and reconciliation tends to be manual and thus very inefficient.

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