But by this gauge, the currencies of virtually all low-income countries are undervalued, since prices are generally lower in these countries than in rich ones (see right-hand chart, above).

可是，如果按这标准来衡量的话，低收入国家的货币值恐怕都偏低，因为总体上这些国家的物价就低于发达国家(见右上图)。

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Compared to conditions in 2009 (lower image), the Indus was only slightly swollen around the Kotri barrage on August 19, but gauge readings at the barrage showed that water levels were rising fast.

对比2009年的情况(低分辨率图片)，印度河曾在8月19日轻度地漫过科特·里克大坝，但位于大坝处的测量仪表显示水位增长的很快。

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To gauge precipitation, they looked at tree ring widths in lower-elevation oaks, which grow faster in years with higher levels of rainfall.

而为了测定降水量，他们则对长在低海拔地区的栎树的年轮宽度进行研究，因为这些树在雨水比较充沛的年份长得更快。

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Usually when countries or companies see their credit rating lower, they are forced to borrow money at a higher rate because lenders use the lower rating to gauge default risk.

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He can also introduce change on a whim--say, drastically lower housing prices, gauge players' responses (from rage to relief) and adjust the dynamics of the game accordingly.

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Recently, the CPI has been running lower than the PCE because it gives a much higher weight to a gauge of housing prices that is merely an estimate.

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