National Institute of Geophysics and Vulcanology (INGV)、

国家地球物理与火山研究院

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"According to our observations, damages to crops, pastures and small effects to the health of people are already evident," the country's geophysics institute said.

“根据我们的观测，对庄稼和牧场有睦伤害，而对人体健康的影响明显是很小的，”国家地理机构声称。

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Italy's National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV) said the quake struck at 15:48 (14:48 GMT), with its epicentre in Garfagnana.

BBC: Italy: Earthquake hits near Bologna

Volcanologist Sonia Calvari, of the Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology in Catania (INGV-CT), said rapid advances in technology enable experts to use a wide range of methods to continually map and monitor Etna from a distance.

CNN: Keeping track of Etna's pulse

Fabio Picuti, the public prosecutor, stresses that the charge is not about whether the experts, who included Enzo Boschi, then president of the National Institute of Geophysics and Vulcanology (INGV), should have predicted exactly when, where and with what force the earthquake would have struck.

ECONOMIST: An extraordinary manslaughter trial starts in Italy