The comparative analysis is made between the new direct participation model and the traditional indirect participation model in public administration;

同时进一步对公共行政中的公民直接参与模式与传统间接参与模式进行了比较分析；

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The promotion of social welfare does not include direct or indirect participation or intervention in political campaigns on behalf of or in opposition to any candidate for public office.

FORBES: IRS And 501(c)(4) Damned If They Do Damned If They Don't