早期,Hirst(1994)采用实验研究的方法,研究审计师对盈余管理行为的敏感性,发现审计师对增加收入的盈余管理(income-increasing)和减少收入的盈余管理(income-decreasing)的反应不同。
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income increasing lowly 收入增长缓慢
income increasing rate 收入增长率
farmers income increasing 农民增收
peasant income-increasing 农民增收
income-increasing measures 增收措施
Because income has a decisive impact on residents’ consumption, and fast or slow increase of rural residents’ consumption depends on their income increasing.
由于收入是决定消费的关键因素,收入增长的快慢从很大程度上决定了消费需求增长的快慢。
参考来源 - 中国西部地区农村居民收入与消费问题研究·2,447,543篇论文数据,部分数据来源于NoteExpress
The event to which we have to adjust is inherently income-increasing for Australia.
我们需要去调整的事情对澳洲来说是关于收入的增加。
Increasing income prompts consumers to buy luxuries that they actually don't need.
收入的增加促使消费者购买他们实际上并不需要的奢侈品。
Growing income inequality has coincided with the increasing importance of a college degree for earning a middle-class wage.
收入不平等加剧的同时,大学学位对获得中产阶级收入的重要性也在不断提高。
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