There are, at present, mainly three modes of immunity of a stain witness, transaction immunity, use and derivative use immunity , and informal immunity.

目前，主要存在三种豁免模式：罪行豁免、证据使用豁免和非正式豁免。

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Both the privilege against self-crimination of tainted witness and the principle of balancing interests in practice are the theoretical foundation of immunity to tainted witness.

污点证人的不受强迫自证其罪权和实践中的利益权衡原则是污点证人豁免的理论基础。

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For one thing, while there is a federal statute empowering judges to grant immunity at the request of prosecutors, there is no equivalent for defense-requested witness immunity.

FORBES: Leveling the playing field: Immunized Witnesses for the Defense

In such a situation, what the defendant needs, of course, is a grant of at least use-immunity for his witness.

FORBES: Leveling the playing field: Immunized Witnesses for the Defense

Court papers show Ms. Lee has received immunity from prosecutors in exchange for her testimony as a witness at next week's trial of former campaign treasurer Jia "Jenny" Hou and fundraiser Xing Wu "Oliver" Pan.

WSJ: Trial Pits Liu's Aide, Ex-Backers