The QA environment must match the production environment as closely as possible, including hardware, operating systems, infrastructure software, configuration, and all services.

QA环境必须尽可能与生产环境一致，包括硬件、操作系统、基础设施软件、配置和所有服务。

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It involved heaps of proprietary hardware and software, months of QA testing, incompatibilities across regions and languages, and MSRP bumps that most consumers found unconscionable.

ENGADGET: A Mini mindset: how an automaker's Connected platform could spark a seismic shift in infotainment expectations