It takes into account commercial risk and discounts future cash flows (that is, it takes into account the time value of money) when making commercial, and particularly investment, decisions.

进行商业、特别是投资决策时，将商业风险和未来现金流折扣(即资金的时间价值)考虑在内。

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If the company increases EVA, the intrinsic value of a company will equal to sum of the discounted future EVA of the company and total investment of the company.

如果公司产生经济增加值，那么将公司未来的经济增加值折现后再加上公司的投资总额就应该等于该公司的内在价值。

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Micro perspective, not always rises in the value of commodity prices has not always coal price fluctuations have a direct impact on future investment income.

就微观角度讲，没有永远涨价的商品也没有永远降价的商品，煤炭价格的波动也直接影响到未来的投资收益。

youdao

It states that the value of any investment is the present value of all future cash flows discounted by a risk factor.

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First, by the corporate income tax, then again by the individual income tax through the tax on dividends, then if you sell the capital investment, through the capital gains tax (which taxes the increase in the present value of the future income stream to the investment, which will be taxed again when earned), then when you die, by the death tax.

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The fair value of any investment is its future cash flow discounted for risk.

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