abstract:Psyche () is an 1846 book by Carl Gustav Carus, a physician and painter noted for his work on animal psychology and physiognomy. Henri Ellenberger calls Psyche "the life-work of a physician and keen observer of the human mind" and "the first attempt to give a complete and objective theory on unconscious psychological life", adding that "It shows the shape reached by the theory of the unconscious at the end of the Romantic period, before the positivistic trend became dominant.