Four specific activities have been identified as major contributors to the desertification processes: overcultivation, overgrazing, firewood gathering, and overirrigation.

导致沙漠化的主要因素有四个：过度种植、过度放牧、过度砍伐、过度灌溉。

youdao

Four specific activities have been identified as major contributors to the desertification processes: overcultivation, overgrazing, firewood gathering, and over irrigation.

导致沙漠化的主要因素有四个：过度种植，过度放牧，过分砍伐，过度灌溉。

youdao

Four specific activities have been identified as major contributors to the desertification processes: over-cultivation, overgrazing, firewood gathering, and over-irrigation.

四项具体活动已被确定为对荒漠化的主要导致的过程：过度农垦，过度放牧，薪柴采集和过度灌溉。

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Farms have been decollectivised, but farmers and their families still step on mines while gathering firewood.

ECONOMIST: Mozambique

And though Mr Karzai needs the Americans, anti-Americanism in Afghanistan feels as if it is at an all-time high, after a botched air raid killed nine boys gathering firewood.

ECONOMIST: Attempting both to leave by 2014 and stay perhaps for ever

Even when the fighting stopped, simply going to school or gathering firewood for cooking was a potentially life-threatening activity in many areas: landmines and unexploded bombs caused over 340 casualties in the first six months after the fighting ended, and all in an area half the size of Wales.

ECONOMIST: Cleaning up the mess