The physical construct, operational principle and dynamic characteristics of the exhaust gas oxygen sensor are introduced.

介绍了氧传感器的物理构造、工作原理和动态特性。

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Two kinds of key sensors, hot-film mass air flow (MAF) sensor and universal exhaust oxygen gas sensor, for the AFR control are fully studied in this paper.

本论文主要研究空燃比控制中的两种关键传感器：热膜式空气质量流量传感器和宽带型废气氧传感器的动态性能。

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The key techniques of the AIP technique of oxygen storage and exhaust gas management are stated in this paper, as well as the principle of the AIP.

介绍了常规潜艇的各种AIP系统的原理与组成，并对其关键技术氧气的贮存以及废气处理技术进行了重点阐述。

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Bolt comes with a trick-looking two-into-one exhaust system, which includes an oxygen sensor and exhaust gas catalyst that works with the closed-loop fuel injection system.

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Nitrogen is separated from oxygen before combustion, thereby reducing the volume of exhaust gas and making the exhaust easier to treat by preventing the formation of polluting nitrogen oxides.

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