Researchers are exploring the use of such biological tools as stem cells and gene triggers to prevent-and even reverse-the ravages of time.

研究人员正在探索，使用干细胞及基因触发等生物手段，来防止——甚至逆转——时间对皮肤的摧残。

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But it can take a long time for the right mutation to occur, especially if there is a very small target, like the region of DNA that controls a gene.

但要得到最合适的变异基因，耗费的时间会非常长，尤其是所要达到目标非常小时，如DNA中用来控制别的基因的区域部分，将是一项旷日持久的工程。

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The double shot worked: the bacterial gene disrupted the IPK1 gene between 3% and 100% of the time and also made the plants resistant to herbicides, the team reports.

两次连击奏效了：团队报道说，细菌基因一次性中断IPK1基因的几率达到3%—100%，同时植物也具有抗除草剂特性。

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Working independently, these three men provided the parts that, when put together, enable the elimination of one gene at a time from the genetic make-up of a mouse.

ECONOMIST: The 2007 Nobel science prizes

These exons allow the body to use only part of a gene at a time.

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Instead of probing one gene at a time, researchers can now sift through hundreds thought to play a role in a particular illness.

FORBES: Divining Disease