The advantage of using sub models is that they can exist independently of the main model.

使用子模型的优势在于它可以独立地存在主模型。

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The thermodynamic and dynamic sub models of diesel engine and turbocharger are described in detail.

详细描述了柴油机、增压器的热力学及动力学子模型；

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The control system model consists of control strategy, sensors and actuators sub models. The control strategy is a PID controller.

控制系统模型包括控制策略、传感器和执行器模型，本文选用的控制策略为PID调节器。

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Overall, he said, climate models show a drying out of sub-Saharan Africa, while some other areas of the world will see more severe flooding.

BBC: Man with dead camel in desert. Image: Jim Loring/Tearfund